Lesson+2

Outcomes
The student will complete a graphic organizer that describes the ways the Spanish have influenced the culture of Mexico. The student will participate in classroom discussion and activities in order to obtain better comprehension of Mexico. The teacher will present information using various materials. The student will be able to answer the following questions: Which country colonized Mexico? What influence did this country have on the culture of Mexico? (These questions serve as the essential questions of the lesson.)

Standards
SS6G4: The student will describe the cultural characteristics of people who live in Latin America and the Caribbean
 * 1) Explain why Latin America is a region based on the languages of Portuguese and Spanish

SS6H2: The student will explain the development of Latin America and the Caribbean from European colonies to independent nations.
 * 1) Describe the influences of the Spanish and the Portuguese on the language and religions of Latin America

Resources
Two types of technology will be used for this video. First, the Power Point will be used to present information to the students. This will be the main focus of the lesson. The video will also be used to supplement the lesson.
 * Off-line:** Power Point presentation, white board, students will need paper and pencil.
 * Online:** “The Explorers: Hernan Cortes: Conqueror of Mexico” – video from United Streaming
 * Integration of Technology**

Materials
Power Point presentation, white board, and video “The Explorers: Hernan Cortes: Conqueror of Mexico” which was downloaded from unitedstreaming.com. Students will need paper and pencil.

Process
__Introduction__ – This lesson is part of a larger unit that will be used to introduce basic Social Studies concepts and Mexico. A section of the textbook focuses on Mexico, so this unit serves as an introduction to Mexico and introduction to concepts that are necessary for comprehension of Latin America. To begin the class the teacher will show the 3 minute video that will serve as a way to capture the student's attention and preview some of the basic information covered in this unit. Next, the teacher will quickly review previously taught concepts; types of government and economic systems. The teacher will ask the students to answer comprehension questions about the previous two lessons. To introduce the next lesson the teacher will ask “How many of you know someone from Mexico?” The students will simply raise their hands to answer. The follow-up question will be “What is the native language of the person you know from Mexico?” The teacher will call on students and allow them to respond. The teacher will then ask “Why do people in Mexico talk Spanish?” The teacher will explain that by the end of the lesson they will know that answer to that question. __Implementation__ – The teacher will use a Power Point presentation to supplement the presentation. The students will be completing a time line of events during this section of the presentation. The time line will also include important notes about the lesson. The Power Point will discuss Hernan Cortes and his expedition to Mexico in 1519. The teacher will discuss how Cortes was quick to claim the land for the king and queen of Spain. However, Cortes quickly learned that this land was ruled by Montezuma II of the Aztec empire. The teacher will discuss the events that followed and led up to the Spanish taking control of the empire. An emphasis will be put on the Spanish’s advantage over the people of the Aztec empire. The teacher will continue to discuss the Spanish control, including the date the capital city, modern day Mexico City, was established as the capital of the empire. During this section of the presentation the teacher will be completing a time line on the board that will serve as a model to students for the information they need to write. The teacher will frequently ask students what information should go next on the time line. Next, the teacher will discuss ways the Spanish people influenced the native people of Mexico. This includes language, religion, and other aspects of the culture such as farming. The teacher will discuss that not all the “old” ways were lost. Many aspects of the native’s culture remained. At this point, the students will complete a graphic organizer that shows ways that Spanish culture influenced the culture of Mexico. The teacher will work with students to complete the first idea. Next, the teacher will call on a student to come to the board and fill in the second idea. Then, students will complete the organizer. __Closure__ - Upon completion of the organizer, the class will discuss the information they put in their graphic organizers. This will be a discussion of the ways Spanish has affected the culture of Mexico. The teacher will show a clip from the video “The Explorers: Hernan Cortes: Conqueror of Mexico” which will serve as a supplement and summary of the lesson. The teacher will ask the students to write the answers to the essential questions on the back of their graphic organizers. Both items will serve as a “ticket out the door”. The teacher will collect these as students leave the classroom. Before the students leave, the teacher will explain to the class that tomorrow they will learn about how Mexico gained their freedom from Spanish rule. The teacher will also tell the students to remember this important person; Father Miguel Hidalgo. The teacher will have the students repeat that name aloud.

Assessment
The teacher will evaluate students in a number of informal ways. First, students will be evaluated by observing their participation and behavior during the presentation. Sometimes, the teacher will call on students who are not volunteering to answer to check for understanding. The teacher will also use the students completed graphic organizer and answers to essential questions to check for understanding

Extensions/Modifications
//Remediation// **-** Students who need remediation will participate in a small group activity. The teacher will present the information to the students. The teacher will have a note guide prepared for these students. This note guide will contain the important information from the presentation. However, students will be required to fill in information as they follow along with the presentation. Students will be given time to ask questions for clarification. //Enrichment// **-** Students who quickly grasp the concept are ready for further learning will be asked to complete and activity which answers the questions; Who is Father Miguel Hidalgo? What did he do for the people of Mexico? What is the significance of September 16, 1810? The students may use the textbook or internet to answer these questions. Students will then present this information to the class. If time permits, students may put this information on a poster to serve as a visual aide to other students.